Picking A Standard Yale Lock

First, let's understand how a lock works. I'll only be discussing about the common pin-tumbler lock (commonly known as a Yale lock, after its inventor in 1860). This is the sort you possibly have on your entrance door, with a key containing a series of mountains and valleys of various heights. While your key may fit into other locks, the height of those bumps determines whether or not it will rotate.

Brass pins keep the lock cylinder from rolling and un-latching the door. Each pin is in two parts, and it has to be aligned accurately for the cut in the pin to adjust to the edge of the turning cylinder. If just one of those pins (most locks feature five) is too high or too low the pin is going to bind and stop turning.

The proper key matches the cuts in the pins to fix everything in position. If you've ever handled an old lock, or an improperly cut key, you may have had to jiggle the key to make the lock to work. That's in fact similar to the process of picking a Yale lock.

Essentially, finding out how to pick a Yale lock you arbitrarily drift the pins up and down until you get them to the suitable height. But, if they move freely up and down it seems doubtful that you'll eventually find them all aligned at once. Even when you did, you would never know if you didn't turn the lock then. So, the first step of picking a lock is to put some torque.

You turn the cylinder of the lock, rotating it with a small screwdriver, thus the pins are squeezed against the chamber walls. Then, with friction the pins will not go freely up and down, however they can be moved by tapping gently with your lock pick. (an advanced lock pick would have a small steel spring included so that you can 'twang' it and make a subtle tapping motion).

The torque will need to secure that in position as you move to the second pin, and so on.

For current Houdini picking a standard Yale lock is not too big an issue, hence many houses and companies utilize more complex locks (for instance Medeco brand). These involve accurate pin rotation as well as height.

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